BMW history. Car series "BMW": country of origin. Successful Auto Alliance Hyundai-Kia

In 1913, on the northern outskirts of Munich, Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto, the son of the inventor of the internal combustion engine, Nikolaus August Otto, set up two small aircraft engine companies. The outbreak of the First World War immediately brought numerous orders for aircraft engines. Rapp and Otto decide to merge into one aircraft engine plant. So in Munich there is a factory aircraft engines, which in July 1917 is registered under the name Bayerische Motoren Werke ("Bavarian Motor Works") - BMW. This date is considered to be the year of foundation of BMW, and Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto its founders.

Although exact date The appearance and moment of the founding of the company is still the subject of controversy between automotive historians today. And all because the BMW industrial company was officially registered on July 20, 1917, but long before that, in the same city of Munich, there were many firms and associations that were also involved in the development and production of aircraft engines. Therefore, in order to finally see the "roots" of BMW, you need to go back to last century, on the territory of the GDR that existed not so long ago. It was there that on December 3, 1886, the involvement of today's BMW in the automotive business was “lit up”, and it was there, in the city of Eisenach, in the period from 1928 to 1939. was the headquarters of the company.

Heinrich Ehrhardt and the Wartburg Motorized Carriage

On December 3, 1896, in the city of Eisenach, Heinrich Ehrhardt founded a factory for the production of cars for the needs of the army and, oddly enough, bicycles. Already the fifth in the district. And, probably, Erhardt would have produced dark green mountain bikes, ambulances and mobile soldiers' kitchens if he had not seen the success that Daimler and Benz had with their motorized sidecars.

And it was decided to make something light, not military, and, of course, different from what competitors have already done. But to save time and money, Ehrhardt bought a license from the French. The Parisian car was called Ducaville.

So there was what today is called BMW. And then this monster was called the "Wartburg motorized carriage", and it was not its own development. A couple of years later, in September 1898, the Wartburg arrived on its own at an automobile exhibition in Düsseldorf and took its place on a par with Daimler, Benz, Opel and Durkopp.

1917: Rapp Company motor company renamed BMW Bayerische Motoren Werke

One of the local sights of Eisenach was the reason for the appearance of the name of the first car ("Wartburg"), which was released in 1898 after the company created a number of 3- and 4-wheeled prototypes. The first-born Wartburgs were the most horseless wagon equipped with a 0.5-liter 3.5 hp engine. There were no hints of the presence of front and rear suspensions. This maximally simplified design became a good incentive for the more progressive work of local engineers and designers, who a year later created a car that accelerated to 60 km / h. Moreover, in 1902, the Wartburg appeared with a 3.1-liter engine and a 5-speed gearbox, which was enough to win the race in Frankfurt that year.

A very important moment in the history of BMW and the plant in Eisenach was 1904, when cars called "Dixie" were exhibited at the Frankfurt Motor Show, indicating the good development of the enterprise and a new level of production. There were two models in total - "S6" and "S12", the numbers in the designation of which indicated the amount of horsepower. (By the way, the "S12" model was not discontinued until 1925.)

1919: Franz Zeno Diemer (center) with his record-breaking aircraft

Max Fritz, who worked at the Daimler plant, was invited to the position of chief designer at Bayerische Motoren Werke. Under the leadership of Fritz, the BMW IIIa aircraft engine was manufactured, which in September 1917 successfully passed bench tests. The aircraft equipped with this engine set a world record at the end of the year, having risen to 9760 m.

At the same time, the BMW logo appeared - a circle divided into two blue and two white sectors, which was a stylized image of a propeller rotating against the sky. It was also taken into account that blue and white are the national colors of Bavaria.

After the end of the First World War, the company was on the verge of collapse, because, under the Treaty of Versailles, the Germans were forbidden to produce engines for aircraft, namely, engines at that time were the only products of BMW. But the enterprising Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto find a way out of the situation - the plant is redesigned to produce first motorcycle engines and then the motorcycles themselves. In 1923, the first R32 motorcycle leaves the BMW factory. At the 1923 motorcycle show in Paris, this first BMW motorcycle immediately gained a reputation for speed and reliable machine, which was confirmed by absolute speed records at international motorcycle races of the 20s-30s.

1923: The first BMW motorcycles

In the early 20s, two influential businessmen appeared in the history of BMW - Gothaer and Shapiro, to whom the company went, falling into the abyss of debts and losses. The main reason for the crisis was the underdevelopment of its own automobile production, along with which the enterprise, by the way, was engaged in the production of aircraft engines. And since the latter, unlike cars, brought the bulk of the means of subsistence and development, BMW was in an unenviable position. The “cure” was invented by Shapiro, who was on a short footing with the English car manufacturer Herbert Austin and was able to agree with him on the beginning mass production"Austinov" in Eisenach. Moreover, the release of these machines was put on the conveyor, which by that time, except for BMW, only Daimler-Benz could boast.

1928 Austin 7

The first 100 licensed "Austins", which enjoyed incredible success in Britain, left the assembly line in Germany with a right-hand drive, which was new for the Germans. Later, the design of the machine was changed in accordance with local requirements, and the machines were produced under the name "Dixie". By 1928, more than 15,000 Dixies (read Austins) were made, which played a decisive role in the revival of BMW. This first became noticeable in 1925, when Shapiro became interested in the possibility of producing cars of his own design and began to negotiate with the famous designer and designer Wunibald Kamm. As a result, an agreement was reached, and another talented person was involved in the development of the now famous car brand. Kamm has been developing new components and assemblies for BMW for several years.

1929: First bmw car: BMW 3/15 PS.

In the meantime, the issue of approving a branded trademark was resolved positively for BMW. In 1928, the company acquires car factories in Eisenach (Thuringia), and with them a license to produce a small car Dixi. November 16, 1928 "Dixie" ceased to exist as a trademark - it was replaced by "BMW". Dixi is the first BMW car. During the period of economic difficulties, the small car becomes the most popular car in Europe.

On April 1, 1932, the premiere of the first “real” BMW was scheduled, which subsequently earned the recognition of the automotive press and became the starting point for the production of a car of its own design. The same car, with a well-thought-out body received from the outside, was a combination of new ideas and developments with those already well known and used on Dixie models. The engine power was 20 hp, which was enough to drive at a speed of 80 km / h. A very successful development was a four-speed gearbox, which was not offered on any other model until 1934.

By the beginning of World War II, BMW was one of the most dynamically developing companies in the world, producing sports-oriented equipment. She has several world records to her credit: Wolfgang von Gronau crosses the North Atlantic from east to west in an open seaplane Dornier Wal powered by BMW, Ernst Henne sets the world speed record for motorcycles - 279.5 km / h, not surpassed by anyone over the next 14 years.

Production receives an additional boost after the conclusion of a secret agreement with Soviet Russia to supply her with the latest aircraft engines. Most of the Soviet record flights of the 1930s were made on aircraft equipped with BMW engines.

1933: Beginning of the BMW six-cylinder tradition: BMW 303.

In 1933, the production of the 303 model began - the first BMW car with a 6-cylinder engine, which made its debut at the Berlin Automobile Exhibition. His appearance was a real sensation. This inline "six" with a displacement of 1.2 liters allowed the car to move at a speed of 90 km / h and became the basis for many subsequent BMW sports projects. Moreover, it was used on the new model "303", which became the first in the history of the company, which was equipped with a radiator grille with a corporate design, expressed in the presence of two elongated ovals. The "303" model was designed at the Eisenach factory and was distinguished primarily by a tubular frame, independent front suspension and good handling characteristics, reminiscent of sports.

"BMW-303" was perfect for the "autobahns" then actively built in Germany. Immediately after the presentation, a run was made on it across the entire country, and in this action the car proved itself only on the good side. People were willing to pay for this car set by the manufacturer price. Moreover, wealthy BMW fans chose the “303rd” model with a sports two-seater roadster body.

For two years of production of the BMW-303, the company managed to sell 2,300 of these cars, which, by the way, were later followed by their "brothers", who differed more powerful motors and others digital designations: "309" and "315". Actually, they became the first samples for the logical development of the BMW model designation system. On the example of these machines, we note that the number "3" denoted the series, and 0.9 and 1.5 - the displacement of the engines. The designation system that appeared then successfully exists to this day, with the only difference being that it was replenished with such numbers as "520", "524", "635", "740", "850", etc.

"BMW-315" was far from the last in a series of outwardly similar cars, as the brightest and most notable among them were the "BMW-319" and "BMW-329", more related to sports cars. The maximum speed of the first, for example, was 130 km / h.

Along with all the previous cars, the 326 model, which appeared at the Berlin Automobile Exhibition in 1936, looked simply gorgeous. This four-door car was far from the world of sports, and its rounded design already belonged to the direction that came into force in the 50s. The open top, good quality, chic interior and a large number of new changes and additions put the 326th model on a par with Mercedes-Benz cars, whose buyers were very wealthy people.

With a mass of 1125 kg, the BMW-326 model accelerated to a maximum of 115 km / h and at the same time consumed 12.5 liters of fuel per 100 kilometers. With similar characteristics and with its own appearance the car was included in the list of the best models of the company and was produced until 1941, when the volume manufactured by BMW amounted to almost 16,000 pieces. With so many produced and sold cars "BMW-326" became the best pre-war model.

Logically, after such a resounding success of the “326th” model, the next logical step should have been the appearance of a sports model made on its basis.

1938: The BMW 328 dominates racing.

1940: Mille Miglia wins again: BMW 328.

In 1936, BMW produced the famous "328" - one of the most successful sports cars mobiles. With its appearance, the BMW ideology was finally formed, which to this day determines the concept of new models: “The car is for the driver.” The main competitor, Mercedes-Benz, follows the principle: "The car is for passengers." Since then, each company has gone its own way, proving that its choice is the right one.

Winner of a great many competitions - circuit racing, rallying, hill climbing competitions - the BMW 328 was addressed to sports car connoisseurs and left all mass-produced sports cars far behind. The two-door, two-seater, truly sporty "BMW-328" was equipped with a six-cylinder engine and accelerated to 150 km / h. This model allowed the company to take part in many pre-war races and win recognition in a new quality. With the "328th" model, BMW became so famous in the second half of the 30s that everyone subsequent cars with a two-color brand name were perceived by the public as a symbol of high quality, reliability and beauty.

The outbreak of war leads to the suspension of the production of cars. Priority is once again given to aircraft engines.

1943: The Arado 234 is one of the first aircraft to be powered by the BMW 003 jet engine.

In 1944, BMW was the first in the world to launch the BMW 109-003 jet engine. Rocket engines are also being tested. The end of World War II was a disaster for the concern. Four factories that ended up in the Eastern zone of occupation were destroyed and dismantled.

The main plant in Munich was dismantled by the British. In connection with the production of aircraft engines and missiles during the war, the winners issue an order to ban production for three years

World War II took a toll on German car manufacturers, and BMW was no exception. The plant in Milbertshofen was completely bombed, and the enterprise in Eisenach ended up on the territory controlled by the USSR. Therefore, the equipment from there was partially exported to Russia as repatriations, and what remained was used to produce the BMW-321 and BMW-340 models, which were also sent to the USSR.

The only more or less "livable" were two factories in the city of Munich, around which the shareholders of BMW and concentrated their main efforts. By the way, the support of the German National Bank came: thanks to it, the company brought the concept of the BMW 328 sports car back to life and in the period from 1948 to 1953. released several new sports models on its basis.

The company was not in the best position, but in 1951 it introduced a prototype of the future car "BMW-501", which was distinguished by a large four-door sedan, drum brakes and a 65-horsepower engine that had a working volume of 1971 cc. The novelty was received in two ways - with interest and with surprise. The second, most likely, was due to the fact that the company could not even financially ensure the mass production of the “501st” model, in connection with which only 49 cars were assembled in 1952. By 1954, production reached 3410 copies, bought only by real and wealthy adherents of the BMW brand.

But what is most surprising is the idea that at that time was ripening in the minds of BMW designers and designers. They planned to release a luxury model.

In the same post-war years, BMW thought about the lack of necessary motors. This was especially evident after the presence of weak and low-torque engines began to affect car sales. As a result, the designers developed a long-term project for the production of a new eight-cylinder power unit. The first samples appeared in 1954 and had a volume of 2.6 liters and a power of 95 hp, increased to 100 hp. in the 60s.

Simultaneously with the installation of an eight-cylinder on the BMW-501, the appearance of the car also changed a little: chrome-plated side moldings appeared that added elegance to the car. Equipped with a new engine, the 501st could accelerate to a maximum speed of 160 km / h. Naturally, the fuel consumption of a car with an eight-cylinder engine was significantly different from pre-war figures, but this worried BMW management the least.

"Isetta" (Isetta): a link between motorcycles and cars. Over 200,000 were built.

In 1955, the release of the R 50 and R 51 models begins, opening a new generation of motorcycles with a fully sprung chassis, the Isetta small car comes out, a strange symbiosis of a motorcycle with a car. A three-wheeled vehicle with a forward-opening door was a huge success in impoverished post-war Germany. At the Frankfurt Motor Show in 1955, she became the absolute opposite of the models produced at that time. The tiny BMW Isetta looked like a bubble with small attached headlights and side mirrors. The rear wheelbase was much smaller than the front. The model was equipped with a single-cylinder engine of 0.3 liters. With a power of 13 hp "Isetta" accelerated to a maximum of 80 km / h.

Along with the little Isetta, BMW introduced two luxury coupes, the 503 and 507, based on the 5 Series sedan.

1956: Today it's a rare collector's car: the BMW 507.
Both cars were at that time referred to as “sufficiently sporty”, although they had a “civilian” appearance. For example, the maximum speed of the 507th varied somewhere between 190 and 210 km / h. A similar result was achieved thanks to a 3.2-liter engine with a compression ratio of 7.8: 1, a maximum power of 150 hp. at 5000 rpm and 237 Nm at 4000 rpm. Servo drum brakes were on all wheels, and the average fuel consumption per 100 km was 17 liters.

But because of the ensuing passion for large limousines and the resulting losses, the company is on the verge of collapse. This is the only case in the history of BMW when the economic situation was incorrectly calculated and the cars thrown onto the market were not in demand.

Models belonging to the 5th series did not improve the position of BMW in the 50s. On the contrary, debts began to grow rapidly, sales decreased. For correction similar situation the bank that provided assistance to BMW and was one of the largest shareholders of Daimler-Benz offered to set up production of small and not very expensive car"Mercedes Benz". Thus, the existence of BMW as an independent company producing original cars with its own name and brand was threatened. This proposal was actively opposed by BMW's small shareholders and dealerships throughout Germany. By common efforts, a certain amount of money was collected, which was required for the development and launch of a new middle-class BMW model, which was supposed to significantly improve the position of the company in the 60s.

By restructuring the capital structure, BMW manages to continue its activities. The third time the firm starts all over again. The middle class car was supposed to be a family car for "average" (and not only) Germans. A small four-door sedan, a 1.5-liter engine and independent front and rear suspensions, which at that time were not present in all cars, were considered as the most suitable option.

It was almost impossible to put the car into production by 1961 and then present it at the Frankfurt Motor Show: there was simply not enough time. Therefore, under pressure from the sales department, several prototypes were urgently prepared for the exhibition, designed to attract future customers. The bet was made and in many respects justified itself. During the exhibition and over the next few weeks, about 20,000 orders for the BMW-1500 were made! Try to imagine the situation in which the company found itself, releasing only 2000 cars in 1962! In general, the production of the model "1500" for the entire time of its existence on the assembly line amounted to 23,000 copies. This was the beginning of the rise to the top of the automotive industry.

At the height of the production of the 1500 model, small engineering firms began to refine the car and increase engine power, which, of course, could not please the BMW management. The response was the release of the model "1800" with a 1.8-liter engine. Moreover, a little later, a version of the "1800 TI" appeared, corresponding to cars of the "Gran Turismo" class and accelerating to 186 km / h. Outwardly, it did not differ much from the basic version, but, nevertheless, it became a worthy addition to the already replenished family.

"BMW 1800 TI", although it was released in the amount of only 200 copies, still became an extremely popular model. By 1966, on the basis of the car, the designers created a worthy follower - the BMW-2000, which today is perceived as the ancestor of the 3rd series, which has been released to date in several generations. At the same time, a coupe with a 2-liter engine and 100-120 “horses” hidden under the hood was a subject of particular pride for BMW.

In fact, the "BMW-2000" in the basic and other versions is one of the most successful models throughout the history of BMW. It takes a long time to count the number of body and powertrain options that appeared then. different power and with different top speeds. Together they formed a series that received the designation "02". Its representatives could satisfy the needs of almost all motorists, who were offered a choice from the simplest and most modest coupes to "fancy" high-speed convertibles with alloy wheels, "automatic" boxes and 170 "horse" motors.

The world's first mass-produced car with a turbo engine: the BMW 2002 turbo.

The last 30 years has been 30 years of victories for BMW. New factories are being opened, the world's first serial turbo model "2002-turbo" is being produced, an anti-lock braking system is being created, which now all leading automakers equip their cars with. The first electronic engine control is being developed. Almost all the models of the 60s that brought the automaker so much popularity were equipped with four-cylinder engines. However, BMW management still remembered the powerful and reliable units, which they intended to revive by 1968 simultaneously with the release of a new model, the BMW-2500. The single-row "six-cylinder" used in it, which was constantly being upgraded, was produced over the next 14 years and managed to become the basis for the same reliable and more powerful 2.8-liter engine. Along with the latest four-door sedan moved into a range of sports cars, because. only a few production cars in standard equipment, they could exceed the speed mark of 200 km / h.

BMW headquarters near the Olympic Center in Munich.

The headquarters building of the concern is being built in Munich, and the first control and testing ground is opened in Aschheim. A research center was built to design new models. In the 1970s, the first cars of the famous BMW series appear - models of the 3rd series, 5th series, 6th series, 7th series.

After the production of the 2500 model and its main successors, the next significant event for BMW was the appearance of the 6 series, the first representative of which in 1978 was the luxurious 635 Csi coupe. Its 3.5-liter engine became a new symbol of technical excellence and even began to be installed on 5-series machines. The "Five", equipped with such an engine (power 218 hp), received the designation "M", confirming the exclusivity and sportiness of the car. Moreover, this motor really showed itself on the 5th series of the second generation, on the so-called. transitional models that saw the light in 1983.

In the year of German reunification, the concern, having founded BMW Rolls-Royce GmbH, returned to its roots in the field of aircraft engine building, and in 1991 introduced the new BR-700 aircraft engine. In the early 1990s, the third-generation 3 Series compact sports cars and the 8 Series Coupé hit the market.

1989: New BMW 850i coupe.
A good step for the company was the purchase in 1994 for DM 2.3 billion of the industrial group Rover Group (“Rover Group”), and with it the UK's largest car production complex brands Rover, Land Rover and MG. With the purchase of this company, the list of BMW cars was replenished with the missing midget cars and SUVs. In 1998, the British company Rolls-Royce was acquired.

From 1995 to serial equipment all BMW vehicles, the front passenger airbag and the anti-theft engine immobilizer are activated. In March of the same year, the station wagon (touring) of the 3rd series is launched into production.

BMW factory
Among the latest motorcycle models of the 90s, the R100RT Classic touring motorcycle, equipped with luggage cases and heated handlebars, should be highlighted. Another model from this family, R100GS PD, is also intended for tourists. These motorcycles won four victories in the international rally Paris - Dakar. popular model became the F650, released in 1993. In addition, it turned out to be quite competitive compared to Japanese counterparts. In 1993, BMW begins development of the new R1100RS "opposers". (for this motorcycle, for the first time, not only the height of the steering wheel and footrests, but also the saddle was regulated), R1100GS (one of the most powerful motorcycles in the world). In 1994, identical R850R and R1100RT models were released. The most popular of the 4-cylinder BMW motorcycles was the K1100RS model - a touring motorcycle with a fairing sports type. But the most representative and equipped motorcycle is the K1100LT model, equipped with a huge electric fairing, adjustable windshield, large luggage bags and an anti-lock brake system.

Since 1995, the BMW plant in Spartanburg (USA) has been producing the BMW Z3.

In general, the end of the nineties was incredibly productive for BMW. New "fives", "sevens", the undeniable success of the Z3, all this did not make it possible even for a short break.

All these machines and motors have one thing in common: they prove that serial engines BMWs are built so solidly, so designed for their power and so balanced in their basic concept that they can withstand any load on any track in the world.

The beginning of 1999 marked the debut of the BMW X5, which became the world's first Sports Car for Active rest(Sports Activity Vehicle): a vehicle that combines elegance and practicality in a unique way, thus opening up a new dimension of mobility.

And one more first place: The BMW Z8, the great sports car, celebrated its premiere in 1999 and delighted James Bond fans in The World Is Not Enough.

In 1999, BMW also surprised automotive enthusiasts at the Frankfurt Motor Show with the futuristic Z9 gran turismo concept.

Today, BMW, which began as a small aircraft engine plant, manufactures its products at five factories in Germany and twenty-two subsidiaries scattered around the world. This is one of the few automobile firms, which does not use robots in factories. All assembly on the conveyor goes only manually. At the output - only computer diagnostics of the main parameters of the car.

Over the past 30 years, only the concerns of BMW and Toyota have been able to operate with annually increasing profits. The BMW empire, which has been on the verge of collapse three times in its history, has risen and succeeded each time. For everyone in the world, the BMW concern is synonymous with high standards in the field of automotive comfort, safety, technology and quality.

Beha when will it be? Yes, it will be right now, don't worry Greetings to all lovers of turbojet thrust and turboshaft BMWs. Everything is ready for me, I even made a bifurcated exhaust, and in today's video we will see what the turbo starter from the MIG-23 aircraft is capable of, installed instead of the regular internal combustion engine in this luxury car, the internal combustion engine is thrown out, but now the turboshaft engine this jet engine was presented to me by subscribers. For which many thanks to all. I brought it to working condition. Hooked all the pumps, oily, fuel, made the exhaust. I hung it on a regular gearbox through an adapter plate and adapter mechanism And now we are ready to start Vacuum pump, which maintains a vacuum in the vacuum booster. Accordingly, now, the brakes in this car will be, and will be completely normal. So this is our fuel pump, this is our starter. Well, we'll all try Something is hardly ignited Stop! In short, so far. Something went wrong, (Second attempt) It seems to have started Refueling kerosene I think 50 liters will be enough to drive Well, we refueled What are we doing? Let's start! Never mind you beast! You can hear the sound that the monster is close! tin! The oil is all burnt out, no longer smokes. And then you could track it. What's like? Fine? Skidded no? Yes? Can be once again. May we all go upstairs Upstairs? we are in the car and you... Huh? We're in our own car, right? No, it's all here Ah, it's all here? Yes. Let's go! Is it driving normally? Fine! Let's go ahead. We must try to grind. Well, let me go out, right? Yes, yes, can you do it again? One wheel was only grinding. Is that smoking? This rubber smokes Yes? Yes. Come on one more time. Let it ventilate here (second gear) Normal car, driving (dynamics in garages) We are on the third, the knee is shaking Now you are up to the end, right? That's it, we cut it down. Thank you for taking us. In short, the guys everything worked in the normal mode, we drove, I don't know how many minutes ten, maybe even more. We polished with rubber, we started up to 50 or up to 60 and accelerated even once. Well, you need to go to a longer track and try there. The dynamics are not bad, well, there is nowhere to catch on, here is a dirt road. Therefore, we need to start in another place. Well, here we are. It remains to charge this baby with fuel and oil And you can start. Of course, she eats this whole thing on a cosmic scale. Well, what should the guys do, all the same gas turbine engine it is also a turboshaft, it is also a turbo starter, this is actually oil Well, here you already know that And here is kerosene! Since the past rides in garages, its amount has decreased significantly. Therefore, we fill it up to a full tank, so A little bit here Oh! It's all right now, guys. (kerosene) What, you want to try it too? Well, of course, the operator must also be charged. Yes, wait, wait, where, that's enough! give it back here. You look (do not repeat :)) All the guys jokes are over now we will start. Find out the maximum speed The key to start Noted So. Well give in guys I'm afraid that I'll have to switch to the fifth. And the fifth is knocked out by 87 km / h, the maximum speed in 4th gear did not switch to fifth. Something broke! It’s necessary to look. In short, it doesn’t gain a hundred, guys, I don’t know what to do, the fifth one doesn’t stick, so we’ll try to drift, so to speak, give a corner on the behe, yes, guys, it happened, we fill it again, the operator said to burn the tires. Now we’ll do it. We just need to refuel. Well, damn you with your tires, it's tough, but I almost died there. Well, almost already, yes? Almost Let's continue Come on It's all rubber, guys By the way, asphalt doesn't deteriorate! See the asphalt is normal, the same as it was. The sun is shining. I barely survived there, to be honest, I was already leaning out the window, trying to breathe, well, there’s nothing to breathe at all. Listen, you won’t wash off her later. Or is she clean? Or is she clean? Yes, she is clean, she does not even smear. We need to finish this business. Let's start again! I hope there will be less smoke, although ... who am I kidding? Ha ha ha! There is! Well, what happened, didn't it? Certainly! Guys, I hope you enjoy this show. At least once in my life it was necessary to do this. I have not done this yet for sure. I thought the disk of the khan too. So she rattled all over. But the disc survived. Well, in general, on this, as you can see, we already have all the spare wheels. Who was interested, subscribe to the channel, support with a like Thank you all for your attention and bye to everyone! (on the channel)

There is no such person around the world who has not heard anything about BMW. It is one of the best organizations that specializes in the production of German cars. Brands of BMW cars fascinate the male sex, starting from adolescence, moreover, even women do not remain indifferent to them.

Almost throughout the 21st century, the leaders and employees of the company pleased us with a diverse and high-quality production of machines. Due to this, the company gathered crowds of fans from all over the world. Branches of BMW organizations are located in many countries, each of them is a success. Have you ever wondered what a difficult path the managers and staff of this company have gone through in order to achieve the desired result, maintain it for many years and win over customers? Let's find out what is the history of bmw.

History of the BMW emblem

The history of the bmw company begins with its emblem, let's find out what this emblem means and why it is? BMW is one of the most popular companies that produces high quality bicycles, motorcycles and cars. The name can be deciphered as the Bavarian Motor Works (BMW). The head office is located in Munich. The emblem of BMW tells us about the distant past, when the company produced aircraft engines - this is an aircraft propeller that rotates against the blue sky. Shades of blue and white look good on the emblem, besides, these are the colors of the coat of arms of Bavaria. BMW executives hide the origin and real decoding of the emblem, it is worth noting that over the years of the company's existence, the emblem has not changed much.

Where does the bmw company take the names for the manufactured equipment? Even in the production of aircraft engines, the names were chosen as in ancient times. The German aviation corps was designated by Roman numerals to distinguish between aircraft engines. Under these figures, concepts about the functioning of engines were hidden. After some time, many manufacturers began to use this method until 1932. Cars and motorcycles had personal trade designations "bayern-motor", along with which they singled out their power indicator.

Thus, the names M4A1 and M2B15 were published, which have a mysterious look, but for motorists everything is quite simple. For example, the decoding of M2B15 is as follows: a two-cylinder engine of the B series with project 15. Over time, it was decided to make the names simpler and more accessible to people, so cylinders and numbers were no longer indicated in the designations. It was decided to simplify the system in the middle of 1920. The mention of the number of cylinders and the series had to be completely abandoned.

Location of numbers depending on the type of transport:

100-199 - denoted aircraft engines.

200-299 - motorcycles.

300-399 - cars.

The designations that had already been assigned had to be changed slightly to adhere to the new changes.

History of BMW

The founders of bmw are Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto (son of Nikolaus August Otto, inventor of the internal combustion engine). In 1913 Karl Rapp with his partner Julius Auspitzerbought out the company "Flugwerk Deutschland" and organized their own aircraft engine company "Karl Rapp Motorenwerke GmbH"". Gustav Otto also had his own design factory. In 1914, the First World War began, the state of Germany was in great need of aircraft. For this reason, the two firms had to merge together. In 1917, as a result of such a merger, a company appeared, which was registered under the official name BMW. Although the history of BMW and this topic cause a lot of discussion to this day, most people believe that the company began its existence long before the official registration.

In 1919, Franz Diemer set the first world record at BMW. He climbed 9760 meters from the ground in an airplane powered by BMW. After the war ended, the German state accepted defeat, and the founders of BMW were in for a failure, as it became forbidden to produce aircraft engines. All production activities had to be stopped, but thanks to the perseverance and perseverance of the leaders, the plant did not stop its work, but, on the contrary, stood on new level. Now BMW specialized in motorcycle technology, and set to work on the production of two-wheelers. The BMW R32 is one of the first motorcycles to make history and was released in 1923.

In 1926, 5 world records were made on a seaplane in which a BMW engine was installed. In 1927, a total of 87 records were recorded in aviation, and 29 of them were set precisely on aircraft with BMW engines. In 1928, the company took up the purchase of an automobile plant in Eisenach and received permission to manufacture passenger cars.

Dixi is the very first vehicle produced at the BMW factory. Affordable price and reliability of the car bring companies large financial income.

In 1929, Ernst Henne competed with a motorcycle from BMW and became the leader of the race, which brought him fame as the most successful motorcyclist in the world. The Second World War, like the first, undermined the production of the company, BMW returned to the production of aircraft again. The production of motorcycles was moved to Eisenach, but it was more difficult with cars, their production had to be frozen due to a ban on the production and sale of cars. In 1945, the Second World War ended, the BMW organizations were destroyed, and the factories in Eisenach, Dürrerhof and Basdorf were also lost. During this period, the company gained experience and became the first of the firms around the world to engage in the production of jet engines.

When the war ended, BMW was again on the verge of collapse, a certain share of the companies was occupied, and besides, they declared a taboo on any production, due to the supply of aircraft engines during the war. The leaders, who impress with their perseverance, made the decision to start all over again.

In 1954, BMW became the world leader in sidecar competition and maintained its title for 20 years. In 1956, the company added two sports cars 503, 507. In 1959, the "700" car model increased the popularity of BMW vehicles. Due to the high demand for motorcycles, BMW in 1969 resumed the production of two-wheeled vehicles. Motorcycles were made in Berlin.

The first models differed significantly in design from the previous ones, in their originality. Together they released the R24 motorcycle, followed by the 501 passenger car. In 1995, the company produces several models of the R50, R51 motorcycles, and then an unusual three-wheel hybrid. Due to unstable income, the company goes bankrupt, then the option of selling it to Mercedes was considered, but the shareholders in every possible way prevented this and disrupted the deal. In the 1970s, the first models of the 3-series, 5-series, 6-series and 7-series, famous to this day, were produced. In 1983, the Formula 1 race was attended by a BMW car, which won. In 1995, airbags were installed in absolutely all cars.

Today, BMW is a world-famous company that, despite many difficulties, was able to achieve results and become a powerful manufacturer. Now the company's income has become regular and increases annually. The company consists of 5 organizations located throughout the German state and 22 subsidiaries located throughout the world.

Owners and executives of BMW

Karl Friedrich Rapp is the most important and the first founder of the company. Under his control, aircraft engines were produced.

In 1917, Karl Rapp's place was taken by Franz Joseph Popp from Austria, under his leadership the company began to produce cars.

In 2011, the shares were distributed among the shareholders:

Stefan Quandt - 17.4%.

Susanne Klatten (sister) - 12.6%.

Johanna Quandt (mother) - 16.7%.

The remaining 53.3% are traded on the market.

Norbert Reithofer is the current Chairman of the company (2016).

BMW activities

In 2008, 1,203,482 cars were produced and released. This quantity is much less compared to the production for last year. In 2007, 7.6% more was produced road transport. The number of employees who worked in the company in 2008 is 100,041. Sales proceeds for 2008 are 53.2 billion euros, taking into account all costs incurred (taxes, materials for production, etc.) the net financial profit of the company is 330 million Euro. The main organizations are located in Germany (Munich, Dingolfing) and America (Spartanburg). IN Russian Federation BMW production can be found in Kaliningrad.

Main markets for sales of BMW cars:

1. Germany - approximately 80 thousand.

2. America - 30 thousand.

3. Great Britain, England, Italy, France, Japan, China, Russia - 20 thousand.

All official figures are for the year of sales.

A special museum of BMW products has opened in Munich, where all car enthusiasts who admire BMW products can learn about the history of the company's creation. In addition, it contains models of cars and motorcycles that have been produced over the entire period of the company's existence.

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BMW (Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, Bavarian Motor Works) - the history of BMW begins in 1916 as a company producing aircraft engines first, and later cars and motorcycles. The BMW headquarters is located in Munich, Bavaria. BMW also owns the brands BMW Motorrad - the production of motorcycles, Mini - the production of Mini Cooper, is the parent company for Rolls-Royce Motor Cars, and also produces equipment under the Husqvarna brand.

Today BMW is one of the leading automotive companies in the world. Cars of the brand are perceived as the embodiment of the most advanced engineering solutions and striving for technical excellence. Unlike most manufacturers, initially BMW engineers were not focused on the car as a whole, the focus was on the "heart" of the car - the engine, which has been improved from generation to generation.

Foundation of the company

In 1916, the aircraft manufacturer Flugmaschinenfabrik, founded near Munich, is renamed Bayerische Flugzeug-Werke AG (BFW). The nearby aircraft engine company Rapp Motorenwerke (founder) was named Bayerische Motoren Werke GmbH in 1917 and Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (stock company) in 1918. In 1920, Bayerische Motoren Werke AG was sold to Knorr-Bremse AG. In 1922, the financier buys BFW AG, and later buys engine production and the BMW brand from Knorr-Bremse and merges the companies under the Bayerische Motoren Werke AG brand. Although in some sources the date of the main BMW is considered to be July 21, 1917, when Bayerische Motoren Werke GmbH was registered, the BMW Group considers the founding date March 6, 1916, the date when BFW was founded, and the founders Gustav Otto and Karl Rapp.

Since 1917, the colors of Bavaria appear on BMW products - white and blue. And since the 1920s, a rotating propeller has become an emblem - this logo with small changes is still in use.

From war to war

Throughout the First World War, BMW produces aircraft engines that are badly needed by the warring country. But after the end of the war, under the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was forbidden to produce aircraft engines and the company was forced to look for other niches. The company has been manufacturing pneumatic brakes for trains for some time. After the merger in 1922, the company moved to production area BFW, close to Munich Oberwiesenfeld Airport.

In 1923, the company announces its first motorcycle, the R32. Up to this point, BMW had only produced engines, not a complete vehicle. The basis of the motorcycle was a boxer engine with a longitudinally located crankshaft. The design of the engine was so successful that it continues to be used on motorcycles manufactured by the company to this day.

BMW becomes a car manufacturer in 1928 by purchasing Fahrzeugfabrik Eisenach, whose factory was located in Eisenach, Thuringia. Together with the BMW plant, a license is obtained from the Austin Motor Company for the production of small car Dixi. Up until the 1940s, all the company's cars were manufactured at the Eisenach plant. In 1932, the Dixi was replaced by the company's own development, the Dixi 3/15.

Since 1933, the aircraft industry in Germany has received significant financial support from the state. By this time, BMW-powered aircraft had set many world records, and in 1934 the company separated the production of aircraft engines into a separate company, BMW Flugmotorenbau GmbH. In 1936, the company creates one of the most successful pre-war sports car models in Europe, the BMW 328.

During the Second World War, BMW focuses entirely on the production of aircraft engines for the German Air Force. In addition to the plants in Munich and Eisenach, additional production facilities are being built. After the end of the war, BMW is on the verge of survival, the factories are destroyed, the equipment is dismantled by the allied forces. In addition, a three-year moratorium on production has been introduced in connection with the company's participation in the supply of military equipment.

Company revival

In March 1948, the first post-war motorcycle R24, this was a modified version of the pre-war R32. The motorcycle had a rather weak engine, post-war restrictions affected. Shortage of materials and equipment caused a delay in the start serial production until December 1949. However, the success of the model exceeded all expectations.

The first post-war car was the , which began production in 1952. It was a luxury six-seat sedan with a modified six-cylinder engine, which was on the pre-war 326. As a car, the 501 was not a big commercial success, but restored BMW's status as a manufacturer of high-quality and technological cars.

Due to the commercial failure of the BMW 501, by 1959 the company's debts had grown so much that it was on the verge of death and received a takeover offer from Daimler-Benz.

But at the general meeting of shareholders held on December 9, this proposal was rejected. The confidence of small shareholders and staff in the success of the new mid-range sedan model prompted Herbert Quandt to increase his stake in the company.

The 1500 was introduced at the 1962 Frankfurt Motor Show. It was, in fact, the creation of a new "niche" of semi-sports cars and restored BMW's reputation as a successful and modern company. The public liked the new four-door sedan so much that orders exceeded production capacity. By the mid-60s, the Munich plant completely ceased to cope with the flow of orders and BMW management was forced to make plans for the construction of new plants. Instead, the company buys the crisis-ridden Hans Glas GmbH, together with two production sites, in Dingolfing and Landshut. Based on the site in Dingolfing, one of the largest BMW plants in the world was subsequently built. In addition, in order to relieve the plant in Munich, in 1969 the production of motorcycles is transferred to Berlin, and the 5th series of motorcycles created in the early 70s will be produced only at this site.

To new horizons

In 1971, a subsidiary of BMW Kredit GmbH was created, whose task was to ensure financial transactions, both for the company itself and for numerous dealers. New company became the foundation stone of the financial and leasing business, which made a huge contribution to the success of BMW in the future.

In the 1970s, the company created the first models, from which the famous 3, 5, 6, 7 series of BMW cars began. In 1972, construction begins on a plant in South Africa, the first plant outside of Germany, and on May 18, 1973, the company officially opens its new headquarters in Munich. The construction of a new office began in the early 70s, the architectural solution later became known as a four-cylinder office. The company museum is located next door.

Also in 1972, BMW Motorsport GmbH is separated from the company - this division combines all the company's activities in the field of motorsport. Over the following years, it is to this division that the concern owes countless achievements to BMW in the field of motorsport, and the construction of cars for race tracks.

Sales Director Bob Lutz pioneered a new sales policy whereby, beginning in 1973, the company itself, and not the importers, took charge of sales in the main markets. In the future, it was planned to separate the sales divisions into affiliated companies. As planned, in 1973 the first sales division opened in France, followed by other countries, this move brought BMW to the world market.

In 1979, BMW AG and Steyr-Daimler-Puch AG set up a joint venture for the production of engines in Steyr, Austria. In 1982, the plant was completely taken over by the company and was renamed BMW Motoren GmbH. The following year, the first diesel engine rolled off the assembly line. Today, this plant is the center for the development and production of diesel engines in the group.

In 1981, BMW AG creates a division in Japan. On November 26, 1982, a decision was made to build a new plant in Regensburg, in order to reduce the load on the main production in Munich. The plant was opened in 1987.

BMW Technik GmbH is established in 1985 as a development and development division promising technologies. Some of the best designers, engineers and technicians are working there to develop ideas and concepts for the car of tomorrow. One of the first major projects of the division was the creation of the Z1 Roadster, which was released in a small series in 1989.

In 1986, the company brings all research and development activities under one roof at the Forschungs und Innovationszentrum (Research and Innovation Center) in Munich. This is the first automotive manufacturer, which created a division in which more than 7,000 scientists, engineers, designers, technicians and managers work together. The facility was officially opened on April 27, 1990. In 2004, the Projekthaus, a nine-story building of 12,000 m2, with an open gallery, offices, studios and conference rooms, is built for PPE.

In 1989, the company decided to build a plant in the USA. The plant in Spartanburg, South Carolina, was specially designed for the production of the BMW Z3 roadster and opened in 1994. The Z3 produced here was then exported around the world. In the late 90s, the plant was expanded and now such concern models as the BMW X3, X5, X6 are produced here.

Mergers and acquisitions

In early 1994, the Board of Directors supported the decision of the Supervisory Board to purchase the British car manufacturer Land Rover in order to expand model range. With the purchase of the company, such eminent brands as Land Rover, Rover, MG, Triumph and Mini are under the control of BMW AG. The company is actively moving towards integrating the Rover Group into the BMW Group. However, the hopes placed on the merger did not materialize, and in 2000 the company sold the Rover group, leaving only the Mini brand for itself.

In July 1998, the concern acquires a part automotive history. After long negotiations, the company receives the rights to Rolls-Royce brand Motor Cars by Rolls-Royce PLC. Rolls-Royce is held entirely at Volkswagen's expense until the end of 2002, after which time BMW acquires full rights to all Rolls-Royce Motor Cars technology. The company is then building a new headquarters and plant in Goodwood, southern England, where it plans to begin production of the newly developed Rolls-Royce from early 2003.

A look into the future

At the turn of the century, the concern is revising its development strategy in order to strengthen its position and create a foundation for future achievements. Starting in 2000, BMW AG decided to focus exclusively on the premium segment of the international automotive market with the BMW, Mini and Rolls-Royce brands. The model range of the company is expanding due to new series and versions. Along with the X-series SUV, the company develops and in 2004 launches the premium compact car BMW 1 Series.

After being sold to the Rover Group in 2000, BMW controls the modernized plant where Minis are made. The initial plans for the production of 100,000 vehicles per year, under the influence of world demand, reach 230,000 vehicles by 2007. The first concept car of the updated Mini was presented in 1997, in 2001 it goes into production as a premium car in a small segment. Modern design, combined with good dynamic performance, predetermined the success of the model, and by 2011 the Mini family has grown to six models.

After hard work, in 2003, production begins at the new Rolls-Royce plant in Goodwood. Rolls-Royce Phantom. The market was offered a classic Rolls-Royce with its signature proportions, radiator grille, rear door design, the highest quality of finishing materials, but at the same time, it is a technologically modern car. The new Phantom, on the one hand, became the embodiment of the traditional values ​​of Rolls-Royce, and on the other hand, testified to the successful relaunch of the brand. New in September 2009 Rolls-Royce Ghost becomes the second model after brand renewal. The Rolls-Royce Ghost retains the brand's traditional values, albeit in a more "informal" interpretation.

In 2004, the 1-series BMW was released. Recognized brand strengths such as excellent dynamics and excellent handling have now appeared in the small car segment. Traditional drivetrain settings, front-engined and rear-wheel drive - the result: even weight distribution and good traction. Thus, the BMW 1-Series combines both the advantages of a well-known brand and the advantages of a compact car.

In May 2005, the company opens a factory in Leipzig. The new facility is designed to produce 650 vehicles per day. The knowledge of the plant, as well as the products of the brand, is the pinnacle of design and engineering and was awarded the Architecture Prize in 2005. The BMW 1-series and BMW X1 are produced at the plant. In 2013, it is planned to launch the company's first electric car, the BMW i3, and later the sports car, the BMW i8.

In August 2007, BMW Motorrad takes over the production of motorcycles under the Husqvarna brand. This Swiss company, founded in 1903, has a rich tradition and allows BMW AG to expand its product range with the release of road motorcycles. The headquarters, development, production and sales and marketing departments of the Husqvarna brand remain in the same place, in the northern Italian region of Varese.

In autumn 2007, the company adopts a development strategy, the main principles of which are: "Growth", "Shaping the Future", "Profitability", "Access to Technologies and Customers". The company has two main goals: to be profitable and to continue to grow in times of change. The 2020 mission lists the BMW Group as the world's leading provider of premium products and services for individual mobility.

The German automobile company BMW (an abbreviation for "Bayerische Motoren Werke", which translates as "Bavarian Motor Works") is a giant concern headquartered in Munich. Currently, BMW products are manufactured at five factories located in Germany, as well as twenty-two subsidiaries around the world. The BMW brand is a guarantor of reliability and the highest quality, time-tested. The car of this brand emphasizes high status of its owner and not only speaks, but literally screams about his impeccable taste and financial well-being. The company produces not only great cars and sports cars, but also specializes in the production of motorcycles. What was the history of BMW and how did the company achieve such incredible success?

Important milestones in the history of BMW

How it all began

And the path to success was thorny, in its entire more than a century of history, the company has experienced several rapid rises and repeatedly teetered on the verge of complete ruin. The history of BMW began back in 1913, when Gustav Otto (heir to Nikolaus August Otto, inventor of the internal combustion engine) and entrepreneur Karl Rapp independently opened small firms in the north of Munich specializing in the production of aircraft engines. In those years, such production was very profitable due to the legendary flight of the Wright brothers and the rapidly growing popularity of aircraft.

In 1914 the First World War broke out. Demand for aircraft engines increased, and the Otto and Rapp firms teamed up to extract even greater profits. The official registration date for the new aircraft engine plant is July 20, 1917. Factory received worldwide famous name Bayerishe Motoren Werke. Thus, Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto are the founders of the BMW concern.

In September 1917, the BMW logo was designed. Initially, it depicted a propeller against the sky. Later, the logo was stylized up to four sectors, painted in white and blue, symbolizing, according to one version, the Bavarian flag, according to another version, the rotating blades of a helicopter through which one can see blue sky. In 1929, the logo was finally approved and in the future, practically no changes were made to it (except for giving volume at the beginning of the 21st century)

World War I and the first collapse of the company

1916 The end of the First World War and the signed Treaty of Versailles lead the company to the first threshold of collapse, since the production of aircraft engines was forbidden to the Germans - and it was the engines that were the basic products of the young plant! However, enterprising businessmen find a way out and turn to the production of motorcycle engines first, and later to the serial production of the motorcycles themselves. Gradually, BMW motorcycles are gaining fame as the fastest in the world! And in 1919, the production of engines for aircraft was resumed.

This is interesting: in 1919, pilot Franz Diemer on a plane with a Motor-4 engine developed by BMW set the first world record by conquering a height of 9760 meters!

BMW concludes a secret agreement with the USSR on the supply of aircraft engines - thus, almost all record flights in Soviet Russia those years were carried out on aircraft equipped with BMW engines.

In 1932, the legendary motorcycle R32 saw the light, in the 20s and 30s it set numerous and absolute speed records in races, and the motorcycle itself gained fame as a reliable and high-quality machine!

Start of car production

In 1928, the company acquired automobile plants in Thuringia, and with them a license for the production of the small car Dixi, which became one of the most important in Europe during the economic crisis. popular cars. Thus, we can say that the history of the BMW car begins with the release of this compact car.

In 1932, BMW starts producing its own cars.. In 1933, the BMW 303 comes out, equipped with a six-cylinder engine. The car becomes a real sensation of those years. It has already installed the famous radiator grille (the so-called "BMW nostrils"), which later became a distinctive design element of all the brainchildren of the concern.

1936 becomes a real breakthrough in the history of the BMW brand - the company produces the BMW 328, which has become the most successful sports model capable of speeds up to 90 km / h. For those years, the novelty is perceived as a genuine avant-garde and causes a true thrill in the soul of every motorist. The appearance of this model finally formed the ideology of the company (“A car for the driver”) and secured the reputation of quality, beauty, style and reliability for the BMW brand.

This is interesting: the concept of the main BMW competitor, Mercedes- Benz, sounds like "Car - for passengers"

By the beginning of World War II, BMW had already managed to become famous throughout the world as a dynamically developing and successful company specializing in sports cars and motorcycles. World records are set on BMW-powered aircraft, and the same thing happens in motorcycle races. Cars amaze the imagination with power, beauty and reliability.

Difficult post-war years

The end of the war leads the company to its second collapse. The German economy is destroyed. Several factories located in the zone of occupation were completely destroyed. The British also dismantled the main plant in Munich. There is a ban on the production of rockets and aircraft engines for a period of three years. The production of cars is also suspended. And then the company again turns to motorcycles, which had previously rescued it during the first crisis.

Everything has to start from scratch, but this does not scare the founding fathers, Otto and Rapp. They manage to raise the firm from its knees - however, not immediately. BMW's first post-war product was the R24 motorcycle, assembled almost handicraft in workshops. The first post-war car - 501 - was not successful. An interesting Izetta model is also produced - a three-wheeled small car, a kind of symbiosis of a motorcycle and a car. The new decision was enthusiastically accepted by the impoverished Germany, and, it would seem, here it is, the way out! But the economic potential of the population was misjudged, and the company mistakenly focused on the promotion of limousines, popular in those years in Europe. This again led the company to the deepest financial crisis - the third in its history and, perhaps, the most serious. Mercedes-Benz offers to buy out BMW for big money, but shareholders and employees are outraged. Together, the company is taken out of the crisis. The history of BMW models continued, and soon the company again took a leading position in the global automotive industry.

In 1956, a magnificent handsome car BMW 507 was released. The car accelerated to 220 km / h, was offered in two body styles - a roadster and a hardtop. The car was equipped with an 8-cylinder 3.2 liter. 150 hp engine Currently, the BMW 507 is one of the rarest, most expensive and beautiful collectible cars.

In 1959, the BMW 700 is produced, equipped with an air cooling system. The machine wins worldwide recognition and lays the foundation for the further stable and confident development of the company, its advancement to permanent world glory.

The 1970s were marked by the appearance of the legendary series 3,5,6 and 7. The company entered a fundamentally new level with the release of the 5th series. Remember that before the company specialized in the production of sports cars? From now on, she has occupied her niche in the segment of upscale sedans. The BMW 3.0 CSL has won six European championships since 1973. This car, made in the body of a coupe, was equipped with a six-cylinder four-valve engine, and this is far from the only technical innovation in its design (take, for example, an updated ABS brake system).

1987 - the new BMW Z1 roadster, equipped with the latest technology, saw the light. Exemplary aerodynamics and the latest electronic engine power control system take the car to a whole new level, although it was originally conceived as an experimental model.

This is interesting: the BMW concern is the founder of the music award "Musica Viva" in the field of avant-garde musical trends

Brand development in the 90s

In the early 90s, BMW opens many representative offices around the world, and also acquires the Rolls-Royce brand and signs an agreement to supply engines for 8 and 12 cylinders for these cars. In 1994, BMW acquires the Rover Group industrial group (Rover, Land Rover, MG cars), which makes it possible to replenish the model BMW series midget cars and SUVs.

In 1990, the magnificent new luxury coupe BMW 850i is released, equipped with a powerful 12-cylinder engine that allows the car to instantly take off like a predatory beast.

1995 was marked by the release of the station wagon 3-series, as well as the release of the new 5-series. The models are distinguished by modern design and the most advanced technology (for example, the chassis is almost completely made of aluminum for the first time in the history of the automotive industry). In 1996, BMW equips the Z3 7 Series with a diesel engine, creating an exciting model that combines classic design with superior performance. The film Goldeneye, which is part of the legendary series of films about superspy 007, brings real fame to this car. James Bond, played by the handsome Pierce Brosnan, drives around in it on a magnificent BMW Z3. The car was such a success that the plant in Spartanburg simply could not keep up with the fulfillment of all the orders received for it!

Spring 1998 is the debut of the fifth generation of 3 Series sedans with improved safety features (not just improved, but best in class). As always, cars delight with unsurpassed technical characteristics and magnificent appearance. And in 1999 comes out legendary BMW x5.

Another success in 1999 is celebrated by the new sports model BMW Z8, once again conquered the hearts of the audience in the next Bond movie - "And the whole world is not enough."

Beginning of the 21st century: the true success and flourishing of the company

The beginning of the 21st century (2000 and 2001) was marked by record sales for BMW. Compared to 1999, the sales of cars of the German concern grew by 83% in the Russian market alone! The release of magnificent models continues, each of which becomes a kind of sensation. So, at the beginning of the 21st century, the BMW 7 car was released - a luxury executive limousine. In 2003, the BMW Z4 was recognized as the best convertible of the year. This model looks more like a concept car than anything. stock car. She managed to turn the usual idea of ​​roadster design.

In 2006, the luxurious BMW X6 appears, combining the best technical qualities of an SUV with coupe design (all-wheel drive, increased ground clearance, large wheels and a significant roof slope at the rear of the car). He became the first four-seater SUV equipped with an automatic transmission. Only in the second half of 2008, the car went on sale.

In 2008, BMW produced over a million vehicles. Over 100,000 people work for the company. The group's revenues amounted to over 50 billion euros, and net profit - 330 million euros.

Do you know what on BMW factories robots are not used? Models are assembled on conveyors exclusively by hand!

Recent history of BMW: sustainable cars of the future

Today, the BMW concern continues to develop at a rapid pace. One article is not enough to describe all the achievements and innovations of the company. Therefore, in this section we will try to reflect the main points that are worth paying attention to, speaking about the recent history of BMW.

In 2009, the BMW Vision EfficientDynamics hybrid sports car debuted at the Frankfurt International Motor Show. The premiere was truly stellar and caused a wide public response. The new sports car has gained such fame thanks to its striking design and incredible efficiency, as well as full compliance with the technologies of the future. For its futuristic appearance and innovative findings, the car received several prestigious awards.

This is interesting: the height of the BMW Vision EfficientDynamics sports car is only 1.24 meters!

Also in 2009, there was world premiere new sedan of the legendary BMW 5 Series. The top model of the line was the magnificent BMW 550i, which embodies all the best qualities of the brand, which are its hallmark - a sophisticated and stylish design, unsurpassed driver comfort and efficiency, richness innovative technologies. All this allowed the sixth BMW generation 5 Series to become a true embodiment of the highest quality standards and once again confirm and strengthen its status as one of the most successful premium car manufacturers.

At the 2011 International Geneva Motor Show, BMW unveiled the innovative BMW ActiveE electric vehicle, the first model to combine roomy and comfortable lounge and a complete electric motor.

The car is presented in a coupe body. The smart interior design of the electric car leaves the driver and three passengers with plenty of space (as much as in the BMW 1 Series Coupé).

In September 2011, a significant event for the concern took place - the official launch of an ultra-modern carbon fiber plant together with the SGL Group. The plant is located in the USA, the state of Washington, the city of Moses Lake. The new facility produces carbon-fiber-reinforced ultralight plastics for BMWi sub-brand vehicles.

The new sub-brand is the latest standard in efficiency and sustainability in the premium class. His appearance garbled concern BMW fame as the manufacturer of the most environmentally friendly and innovative cars in the world! This new era in the global automotive industry, a real revolutionary breakthrough. In 2013, the magnificent BMW i3 and BMW i8 saw the light of day. In the future, a significant expansion of the sub-brand model range is planned; BMWi Ventures JSC has already been opened in New York for this purpose.

In December 2014, the phenomenal BMW i8 was named Car of the Year by the influential automotive glossy publication Top Gear. The competition was held in conditions of serious competition, many of the world's best manufacturers of premium cars fought for this prestigious title. But the amazing capabilities of the BMW i8 were appreciated - it is both an electric motor and an unprecedented low consumption fuel, minimal emissions, and impressive design! This is a truly unique car that completely changes our idea of ​​what the cars of the future should be like.

Did you know that the cost of a BMW i8 in Russia is 8 800 000 rubles?

Beautiful and stylish advertising BMW i8 (video)

At present, the company, which started a century ago from a small aircraft engine plant, has turned into the world's largest concern with five factories in Germany, subsidiaries in Malaysia, India, Egypt, Vietnam, Thailand, Russia (Kaliningrad, Avtotor). Cars that have been produced and continue to be produced throughout the history of BMW are a true symbol of comfortable transport of the highest class.