How to drive an automatic transmission correctly. Additional operating modes of automatic transmission. Deciphering the control scheme

Automatic transmission differs from manual transmission in simple control and does not require additional skills or abilities from the driver. Even a child can successfully handle driving a car on the machine. The operation of an automatic transmission has its own characteristics.

Automatic transmission selector - the main control automatic transmission gears. On the automatic transmission selector, as a rule, the following designations are located:

P - Parking mode. The box is blocked.

N - Neutral, the wheels of the car are not blocked, the moment from the engine is not supplied to them.

D(D3) - Normal forward movement with all gears shifted sequentially.

S(L2,2,D2) – Downshift mode. IN extreme conditions This is a forced gear reset and engine braking. If winter mode is not provided, then S will be its analogue.

L (D1) - Movement only in first gear. It is impossible to drive in this gear for a long time and even more so quickly. The gearbox and motor will quickly overheat, fail and repair will be necessary.

Overdrive - Prohibition of switching the next gear. Needed for overtaking.

Power / Sport - Automatic transmission mode, when the gears are switched to more high revs engine.

ECO - Economy mode.

Winter/Snow - Driving mode on slippery surfaces (sand, snow, ice), the car will start from 2-3 gears, making it easier to overcome obstacles. This is especially true for winter conditions.

Block - Unlock button (may be in the form of a key) for shifting gears without a key in the ignition. Necessary for towing a car after an accident or breakdown.

Kick-down - Operating mode for fast acceleration. The gas pedal is pressed all the way, the machine “thinks” for 1-2 seconds and starts to accelerate the car sharply.

After buying a car, it is better to study its owner's manual. The machine seriously makes life easier for any car owner, but is not able to correct all his mistakes. For correct driving, you still need experience and understanding of the operation of the car.

How to drive a car with an automatic transmission?

Before traveling, especially in winter period Be sure to let the car warm up. The oil should be distributed throughout the automatic transmission. Some manufacturers advise you to stand in gear for a few minutes (on the brake, of course). If this requirement is not observed, the box will break and repair will be required.
It is not recommended to leave the car on the rise only in the parking lot, you must use the handbrake. In position P, the box is locked mechanically, but the lock is not designed for loads. If the car somehow starts moving in this position of the automatic transmission selector, it will be damaged.
The rear and front change only when the car stops, but at the same time holding the lever in the N position is highly discouraged.
Start moving only after a characteristic push into gear.
Accelerate and move off as smoothly as possible. The wear of automatic transmission mechanisms depends on this.
It is not recommended to move the lever to the N position during short stops at traffic lights, as well as when driving downhill. Experience shows that shifting gears at speed quickly disables the automatic transmission.

When moving to slippery surface(rain, snow, ice, sand) it is necessary to move as smoothly as possible without slipping. If the car is still stuck, it is absolutely impossible to slip - the box can die right on the spot. There is a huge amount of advice and ways to overcome obstacles. Get used to driving smoothly in winter conditions.
Periodically check the condition and level of the oil. Old oil loses its properties and can no longer provide a box normal conditions work.
When overtaking, use the overdrive mode.
If something is wrong with the box, you need to immediately transport it to the service and repair it. Driving on a faulty automatic transmission will only exacerbate the situation.
The engine can only be started in positions N and P.
If you need to move quickly, and the machine “dulls”, hold the gas and brake pedals for 1–2 seconds before starting to move, then release the brake sharply.
It is not recommended to transport cars using automatic transmission. In extreme cases this can be done very slowly and only in the lowest gear (L).
Use only the oil recommended by the manufacturer. If the oil has other properties, the automatic transmission will fail and repair will be necessary. To understand which brand is needed, the instruction manual will help.

automatic transmission and winter

Automatic transmission operating modes in winter have their own characteristics. Most automatic transmission failures occur in winter, so it is very important to follow the recommendations for operating a car in the cold season:

In winter, there is a lot of snow, which leads to frequent slippage of the car. This should be avoided.
It is important to warm up the box in winter, immediately after the engine has warmed up.
If the automatic transmission oil has not changed for more than 30 thousand kilometers, it is worth replacing it. It is especially important to do this before operating the car in winter.
It is necessary to switch the box to the “movement in winter” mode, if there is one in the car. It is usually denoted by the following characters: WINTER, SNOW, "*", HOLD.

Taking into account the peculiarities of driving a car in winter and observing the rules of operation, the car owner will save himself from many problems that are typical for this time of year.

Operation of popular car brands with automatic transmission

Ford Focus

The transmission of a Ford Focus car is as reliable and durable as other parts of this brand. Experts consider Ford transmissions to be among the most trouble-free and stable, in addition, their repair is quite simple and cheap.

Incorrect and careless operation, non-compliance with the recommendations of the Ford car manufacturer can lead to premature failure or even permanent failure of the Ford Focus automatic transmission, with the need for it complete replacement. To avoid such unpleasant consequences, do not neglect the simplest rules for using an automatic transmission in a Ford Focus car and the recommended ways to care for it.

By the way, these rules are quite simple:

try to avoid a sharp start and braking, slipping of the Ford Focus car;
be sure to warm up the Ford Focus before starting the trip;
shift the selector correctly and smoothly, avoid using kick-down (forced downshifting);
monitor the oil level in the automatic transmission, change it in time; You can find out the replacement period for an automatic transmission model by looking at the instruction manual.
from time to time replace Ford Focus consumables: filters, gaskets, seals.

If you follow these simple tricks, you can extend it several times operational period automatic transmission of a Ford Focus car, as well as to use its full potential.

Lada Granta

Lada Granta is the first car of a domestic manufacturer, on which an automatic transmission was installed, which was a real breakthrough in the engineering industry of our country. The first Lada Grant with such a gearbox was released in 2012. Automatic transmission for cars Lada Granta supplies Japanese firm JATCO. Transmissions of this brand are mounted on cars of such famous brands like Toyota, Nissan, Volkswagen, Mazda and Subaru. Adaptation Japanese automatic transmission with an engine manufactured in Tolyatti was not easy for manufacturers, in this regard, the engineers decided to seek help from their Austrian colleagues. As a result of these combinations, many functions of the automatic transmission from Japan had to be abandoned, but, in the end, it was still possible to combine the Asian automatic transmission with the domestic engine.

There is no doubt about the reliability of the automatic transmission of the Lada Grant car, Russian manufacturers managed to produce a really high-quality car, the constant repair of which is not required. Numerous test drives and positive reviews car owners of the car brand Lada Granta confirm this information. But, as in any other car, when operating an automatic transmission in a Grant, you must follow some rules:

monitor the oil level in the automatic transmission and its condition, change filters and seals in time; What filters to use and what brand of oil is needed can be found by looking at the instruction manual;
press the gas pedal smoothly, try to avoid slipping;
in severe frosts, it is worth warming up the car for 10–20 minutes;
when transporting, it is important to fix the drive wheels above the ground to avoid their rotation;
you can’t drive a Lada Grant car when its engine is faulty, press the “gas” and “brake” pedals at the same time, and shift the gear to the “forward” or “backward” mode until the car’s movement is completely stopped;
when reversing on a Lada Grant car, it is not recommended to switch to high speed;
if the automatic transmission oil has become black or Brown color, it should be replaced immediately and the operation of the automatic transmission of the Lada Granta car should be diagnosed.

Toyota Camry

The body of the Toyota Camry 30 is equipped with a box U241E. This is a reinforced gearbox designed to work on 2 and 3 liter engines. Camry 30 in all respects reliable and unpretentious car, this also applies to the box. The power reserve for a 30 body is quite solid, which allows you to operate the automatic transmission in quite extreme conditions and transmit a large moment without consequences for a long time. Compared to U240, 41 models have reinforced drums, axles and pump. For proper operation of the Camry 30, you will need to monitor the level and condition of the oil, like any automatic transmission, the U241E is sensitive to oil starvation. With a reliable Camry 30 at their disposal, drivers often simply forget about periodic maintenance, believing that this car must first pass its first million. This is not true. Camry 30 will travel more than 1,000,000 only with proper operation. Also on the 30th body you can find automatic transmissions U250, U141, U151. On 30 models with a 2AZ engine, a 5-speed U250 was installed.

Honda

Owners of the Honda Civic, Element, Pilot, Stream should remember that the automatic transmission does not have an additional cooling radiator and the box should be operated very carefully. Modern Honda automatic transmissions, for example, the Accord body, starting from the CL7, are equipped with an additional M mode, which is responsible for manual switching gears. D3 - Honda heavy duty mode: urban traffic, trailer, rough terrain.

Audi 8, BMW 3,5,6 and Volkswagen Phaeton

Automatic transmission 09L is installed on premium cars audi 8, BMW 3,5,6 series (except for the 7 series, a 5-speed body is still installed on the 740) and Volkswagen Phaeton . 09L has 6 stages and is designed for engines up to 3.5 liters. Due to the number of gears in the 09L, fuel economy is seriously affected, in addition, the 09L is a very reliable and unpretentious gearbox. For correct operation, the 09L requires frequent replacement main filter element, single layer membrane. If it is not changed, this will lead to oil starvation and the 09l will quickly fail and need repair.

Mercedes

Brand Mercedes Benz independently develops and manufactures gearboxes for its cars, which is why the characteristics of this unit have reliable and durable parameters. The operation of the automatic transmission of Mercedes cars is particularly smooth, which fully coincides with the ideology of the design of cars of this brand as a whole. Most models of the Mercedes Benz brand have a gearbox - a variator type.

A variator is a device in an automatic transmission that transmits torque, which is aimed at smoothly changing the gear ratio in a certain control range. In other words, the CVT is needed for stepless motion, which imparts smooth rotation to the drive wheels. Thus, a Mercedes with a CVT-type gearbox starts its movement more smoothly, and picks up speed without dips and jerks. Acceleration at the same time occurs more rapidly due to the lack of gear shifting.

Also, the owner of a Mercedes car with a CVT-type automatic transmission will never have to experience such unpleasant moments as a car stalling at a traffic light or rolling back when driving uphill. Some motorists may be alerted by the absolutely identical sound of the engine, regardless of the speed and mode in which it operates, but apart from the lack of aesthetic pleasure from the sporty "roar" of the engine, this does not bear any negative consequences, and does not affect the dynamic properties of a Mercedes car in any way.

The variator box has several significant operational differences that owners of a Mercedes car should consider:

Pour into the variator special liquid, which differs from the usual oil required for automatic transmissions. In addition, careful monitoring of the level of this fluid in the gearbox is required.
Heavy loads on the car in cold weather should be avoided. Before driving, be sure to warm up the car.
The operation of the variator box directly depends on the health of the pressure sensors, speed, crankshaft position. In the event that at least one of them fails, the use of a Mercedes car will have very detrimental consequences, including wrong work transmission. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the car's sensors, to do their visual inspection before each start of movement.
And most importantly, if a variator box malfunctions, it cannot be repaired on its own. It is necessary to repair the variator and replace it only with specialists in the car maintenance salon. The repair of the variator has not been mastered in Russia to the proper extent, you should remember this and not subject the gearbox to unnecessary loads.
Study the manual for a car with a CVT and do not make mistakes.

Nowadays more and more more cars descend from the assembly line, equipped with automatic transmission. The thing is that in urban mode with traffic jams and constant stops at traffic lights, an automatic transmission is very convenient, saves a lot of nerves and time for the driver.

In this article, we will analyze in detail all the intricacies of operating the machine on the machine: how to start vehicle how to move off correctly and what you should never do.

What is an automatic transmission

Automatic transmission is one of the types of transmission, in which the necessary gear ratio without the participation of the driver, taking into account the nature of the movement, speed and other parameters.

In a car with automatic transmission, there is no clutch pedal due to the fact that the clutch is replaced by a torque converter, which transmits torque to the wheels.

Starting a car with automatic transmission

To ensure the safety of the automatic transmission in the car, several types of protection are provided.

To start the car engine, the selector lever must be in position P arcing (P) or N eutral (N). When the selector is in other modes, starting the motor will not be possible, since either the key will not turn or nothing will happen at all.

Due to the fact that the “N” mode was conceived by the manufacturer mainly for towing the car, it is preferable to use the “P” mode to start the engine, in which the drive wheels are locked, which protects against unplanned movement of the car along inclined surface.

Another important protection against correct start of the car is the need to depress the brake pedal, which is very useful when starting the car in the selector position to "N", since the depressed brake pedal will prevent the car from rolling when it is on an inclined surface.

IN modern machines there are additional types of protection to counteract theft. If, after following all the steps for the correct start of the engine, the key in the ignition switch cannot be turned and wheel also does not respond to attempts to turn - theft protection has turned on.

To remove it, you must carefully turn the key while turning the steering wheel in any direction. With coordinated actions, the anti-theft protection will turn off and it will be possible to start the car.

How to get under way on an automatic

After starting the engine, the machine must be released from the hand brake.

To start moving with the brake pedal depressed, you must move the selector to one of the positions by pressing the button on it:

"D" - forward movement under normal conditions;
"R" - reversing if necessary maneuver;
"L" or "D2" - for off-road driving, when the car is on a significant slope at the time of the start of movement, the maximum permitted speed for such modes is less than 40 km / h;
"D3" - if necessary, move off a small hill;
"S", "W", "*", "Hold", "Winter" - winter mode, for starting and driving on snow with a reduced probability of slipping of the drive wheels.

After releasing the brake pedal, the vehicle will start moving even without depressing the accelerator (gas) pedal.

In severe frosts before driving after long-term parking in a cold place, allow the engine and transmission to warm up for 6-10 minutes.

How to brake with an automatic engine

On the automatic transmissions you can brake the engine, only this process differs from the manual transmission.

To slow down the engine, depending on the conditions, it is necessary to select the following positions of the selector:

if there is an “O / D” button at a speed below 110 km / h, it can be pressed to smoothly slow down the engine and limit the speed of movement to 80 km / h;
"L", "D1" or "D2" when driving off-road with descents and ascents under high angle, such modes allow you to use maximum power and limit the speed to 20-50 km/h (L, D1), 40-80 km/h (D2);
"D3" - movement to 3rd gear at speeds up to 100-110 km / h;

How to use the handbrake

The manufacturer indicates that it is necessary to use the parking brake even in the selector position "P"

The main points for using the handbrake are:

the need for additional fixation of the car when parking with a running engine, especially when leaving the vehicle;
the need to securely fix the machine in case of installing a spare wheel and other minor repairs;
when stopping on a surface with a large angle of inclination to avoid knocking out the selector from the "P" position due to the heavy load on the drive wheels.

The parking brake must be checked before driving to avoid attempting to start with the parking brake applied.

What not to do with automatic transmission

Despite the fact that the automatic transmission seems easy to operate and designed to make driving easier, there are still restrictions and prohibitions, adhering to which, will last a long time and without complaints.

Restrictions and prohibitions when driving with an automatic transmission:

Driving with an unheated automatic transmission should be smooth, the first 6-10 km on low speed. It is necessary to warm up the automatic transmission even at a positive ambient temperature, and in minus warming up it should be at least 10 minutes.
A car with an automatic transmission is not designed to carry large loads, although a trailer can be used, but only a light one, and it is better to refuse towing other vehicles, except in emergencies.
In no case should you start vehicles equipped with automatic transmission from the "pusher".
It is permissible to turn off the engine only in the position of the selector "P".
During a short stop (in a traffic jam, at a traffic light) to extend the life of the automatic transmission, it is not recommended to transfer the selector to "P" or "N".
In the process of moving the machine, in no case should the selector be moved to the “R” and “P” positions.
If it is necessary to stop on an inclined surface, the car must first be fixed with the parking brake, after which it is allowed to move the selector to the “P” position, in order to avoid the selector from this position due to a significant load on the drive wheels.
The "N" mode is intended only for towing vehicles to the place of repair, in no case should it be lowered from the hill in this mode.

Producers laid great resource operation of automatic transmission, but subject to certain rules.

If they are not adhered to, then the time for repairing the automatic transmission will approach with each wrong action. Repair of an automatic transmission is an expensive "pleasure".

Instruction

The most basic thing to remember is that cars with automatic transmission have not three, but two pedals. This seemingly common truth is known even to those who have never driven a car, but it is the fact of having two pedals that sometimes plays a tragic role. After all, the muscle memory of the legs will not soon forget about the absence of the clutch pedal, and they will try to use the free pedal at every opportunity. It is in such machines the brake pedal, the result is a sharp, unauthorized with the rules traffic braking. The minimum of trouble with such braking is trouble with cars driving behind, the maximum is a traffic accident. At first, experienced drivers recommend that beginners put their foot under the clutch to the side, braking smoothly and thoughtfully.

You should be very careful when switching from a manual transmission to an automatic one. And don't forget about car insurance. The OSAGO policy gives you a guarantee that you will be protected from losses in the event of an accident. This responsibility is assumed Insurance Company. On the website of the insurance organization, you can purchase an OSAGO policy online. Before buying, you have the opportunity to calculate OSAGO in Irkutsk.

The parking mode in the automatic transmission is, of course, a necessary thing, but if we are talking not about equal parking space, and about a dirt road with its bumps, it should be remembered that even a small bump can create additional, eventually destructive stress on the gearbox. If it is mechanical, then there is nothing to worry about, but the automatic transmission does not tolerate this. Therefore, the inclusion of a handbrake, even in a city parking lot, is a mandatory thing, and after it you can rearrange the variator to the "parking" position.

Continuing the theme of the wear of the automatic transmission, due to the constant impact of tension, it is impossible to bypass the rare, but still occurring topic of towing. After all, a passenger car with a robotic gearbox or a full-fledged "automatic" is not a tractor or a truck capable of transporting tonnage cargo. When towing another car, nothing good can be expected from the integrity of the automatic transmission units. This also applies to the case when a car with automatic transmission is towed. Drivers, mindful of the MCP, do not turn on the engine, which is absolutely unacceptable. Such cars also have restrictions on the speed of towing, its duration.

A very convenient myth for a novice car owner that the oil in the automatic transmission should not be changed is fraught with serious consequences that follow during the operation of the "machine". Even if the manufacturer claims that it is not necessary to change the oil or simply forbids doing this, you should read the opinions of experienced car owners of this brand of car. As a rule, after 40-60 thousand km, replacement is still required.

Operating modes of automatic transmissions

In order to properly use the automatic transmission, first we suggest understanding the purpose of the main operating modes of the unit.

Main functions

What features are in all automatic transmissions:

P mode or park. When this position is activated, the transmission locks the undercarriage of the machine, regardless of whether it is equipped with front or rear drive. As a result, the vehicle will not move, all gears are disabled when P mode is activated. This position must not be turned on if the vehicle is still in motion and has not come to a complete stop.
R mode. This function is designed to allow the vehicle to be driven in reverse. Its activation is allowed after a complete stop of the vehicle.
Neutral gear N. If there are malfunctions in the operation of the automatic transmission or power unit when the engine cannot be started, the N mode will allow you to move the machine forward and backward for short distances. Unlike mechanical transmissions, the neutral mode on the machine has certain features of operation. It is not allowed to turn it on in traffic jams, its activation is possible in emergency cases.
Mode D or Drive. Designed to ensure the movement of the machine forward. In automatic transmissions, this mode has a lock against accidental activation. If it is necessary to switch from the Drive function, this can only be done if the driver presses the brake pedal.
"4-3-2-L" function. Belongs to the category of special modes used to operate the vehicle in different conditions. In each of these positions, a certain number of speeds can be applied. For example, in mode 3, three gears are involved, and in position L, only one speed works. Thanks to this feature, the automatic transmission does not overheat the power unit. The first three functions are best used when driving uphill.

From the video of the channel Open Studio Kostroma you can learn about the operation of a car with an automatic transmission.

Tiptronic mode

One of the features of modern automatic transmissions is the presence of the Tiptronic function. This type of gearbox refers to automatic transmissions that support manual transmission control. Thanks to its presence, the driver can control the process of movement in difficult conditions. If you are tired of driving an automatic transmission, you can go to manual control. At the checkpoint in the car, in addition to the traditional modes, you will see a special recess with the symbols "+" and "-". "+" - upshift, from first and above, and "-" - downshift.

Sports modes

In the transmissions of some car models, there is a sport mode function - Sport or Kickdown. Activating this position allows you to spin up the speed of the power unit and artificially switch to a lower gear. If necessary sports modes allow you to achieve sharp acceleration, for example, when you need to overtake on the highway. When enabled, this position is used maximum power motor, but this function is generally uneconomical for continuous use.

Other modes

Depending on the car manufacturer, the automatic transmission may have other operating modes:

D3 or S - reduced speed. A good option for operating the vehicle when driving uphill. By activating this position, the driver can brake and control the machine more effectively.
D2. This is usually equivalent to the L or 2 position. Also a reduced speed function for driving downhill or uphill. Its use is relevant when moving on sand, ice or when driving in difficult conditions.
Economic - E. Activating it allows you to economically use engine power to reduce fuel consumption.
Winter mode. It can be marked as "Snow", "W", "HOLD", "Winter". When this position is activated, a gentle driving mode is activated on snowy terrain, for example, when driving on ice or mud. In most vehicles, this provision has limitations in regular use due to the increased load on the mechanisms and transmission assembly. Due to overheating, its use is not allowed in the warm season when driving on dry asphalt.

How to use the automatic transmission

In order to prevent problems in the operation of an automatic transmission, you need to learn how to operate it correctly and take into account the rules for using and driving.

How to start moving:

The brake pedal is sunk into the floor. The gear lever shifts from park or neutral to D-drive.
The machine is removed from the parking brake.
The brake pedal is gently released and as a result, the car starts to move forward smoothly.
To increase the speed of movement, the driver presses the gas pedal. The harder he presses, the more the speed increases. To reset it, you just need to release the gas pedal. automatic transmission in automatic mode will start slowing down.
If you need to quickly slow down or stop, the driver presses the brake pedal. If necessary further movement just press on the gas.
Please note that during this operation, the automatic transmission should always work in position D. Disabling this mode is possible for a long stop.

Transmission control features:

Automatic units should not be used cold at high loads. If it is summer outside, after parking, the car still needs to be warmed up by driving a few km at a reduced speed and not performing accelerations or other maneuvers. Keep in mind that the transmission takes longer to warm up than the car's engine. In order for the lubricant in the automatic transmission system to heat up faster, it is recommended to turn on all positions on the lever. Or, before driving, turn on the winter mode, if it is supported by the machine of your car.
Stick to driving on smooth roads. Most modern cars have a negative attitude towards driving on uneven surfaces, unless we are talking about a car specifically designed for such roads.
Press on the brake and start moving after parking should be smooth. Such operating conditions lead to an increase in the distance between the clutches of an automatic transmission. As a result, jerks will appear when you switch gears. The operation of the car will become less comfortable. With a sharp start, the seals begin to rub against the drum, which leads to their rapid wear. Grooves and retaining rings wear out, resulting in wear products in the form of metal chips in the system. As a result, when switching the selector, a crack and crunch will appear. Under high loads, bearing elements break quickly.

Features of use in winter

No less important for the unit correct operation transmission in winter time of the year. If you do not take into account the basic requirements, there will be problems in the operation of the automatic transmission that will lead to malfunctions.

Channel Avtotema TV talked about how to drive and use automatic transmission in the winter season.

What to consider when operating a machine with a machine gun in the cold season:

If you need to enter a turn, and there is ice on the roads, the maneuver is performed at a reduced speed. Either hit the brake before turning, or turn on low gear on Tiptronic when it comes to manual control.
In the cold season, before driving, it is necessary to warm up the car to operating temperature. It is important that the antifreeze has time to heat up, which cools the transmission, as well as the oil in the box. When the lubricant warms up, it will become viscous, this will allow it to circulate through all the lines of the system.
If the driver needs to go urgently, it is recommended to warm up the unit to at least 40 degrees. Before the engine of the car warms up to operating temperature, it is advisable not to exceed the driving speed of more than 40 km / h, the engine speed should be no more than two thousand per minute. Avoid very sharp accelerations.
When the engine is started and warmed up to the desired temperature, move the gearbox control selector several times to all modes. In each position, you need to linger for a few seconds. This will circulate consumable along the lines of the transmission system. The driver must apply the brakes.
At low negative temperatures the first time before the engine warms up, you need to drive in a gentle mode. This will prevent rapid wear of the automatic transmission components.
If you cannot start the engine, you can not try to do it with the help of a tug. Automatic transmissions do not tolerate towing either in winter or in the warm season.

Traffic jams

Let's dwell on how to switch gears at a traffic light and drive a car in traffic jams. If you get stuck in a traffic jam, it is recommended to let the automatic transmission rest for a while. This will reduce the load on the units of the unit and provide it with more economical work. If the automatic transmission selector is moved to position D, then when the brake is pressed, the engine will try to push the stopped car. Turns on neutral position, the brake pedal does not release.

If you have to stand in a traffic jam for a long time, the parking mode is activated.

The transmission will lock the wheels and rest the driver's legs.

Paddle switches

The use of paddle shifters is relevant on Tiptronic. The rules for operating the unit are generally identical. The gear selector can be switched to the "+" or "-" mode to increase or decrease speed. The steering wheel has similar switches with the same symbols. To increase the speed, while driving, press the "+", and to reset - on the "-". The use of paddle shifters is relevant in dynamic driving conditions. Thanks to them, the driver can change the intensity of acceleration and increase the speed of the power unit.

Channel “Learning to drive. fan channel main road”Told about the nuances of operating automatic transmissions.

How not to use automatic transmission

To prevent failure of the transmission, you need to study in detail the instructions for the automatic transmission and take into account the following rules:

Towing a car with automatic transmission is not allowed. On the classic transmissions there is no rigid connection between the wheels of the car and the power unit, so in principle it will not work to start the engine by towing.
When driving on high speed When trying to shift the automatic transmission lever, watch the gears. If you drive fast and accidentally switch to first or second gear, the car will brake sharply, a jerk will occur. This is fraught with serious skidding and an accident.
While driving, switching the positions of the automatic transmission selector is not allowed. If the Drive mode is on, then move the lever to the position neutral gear or parking is not allowed, it will damage the unit.
If the vehicle stops on a slope, it is necessary to apply the handbrake. Otherwise, the locking device may be damaged.
The inclusion of a neutral gear when driving in traffic jams is only allowed in the heat. At high temperatures, the heated gear lubricant cools faster, but permanent use neutral speed undesirable. Its activation is relevant when it is necessary to move the vehicle in emergency cases.
It is not recommended to experiment with different oils, especially with lubricant additives. If the additives do not match technical features transmission, their use will lead to undesirable consequences. When replacing a consumable, please refer to the car manufacturer to the use of oil.
Eliminate wheel spin. This requirement is relevant for winter, when ice or snow prevails on the street. Especially it is impossible to slip on asphalt. Modern machines equipped with traction control systems, which is important for automatic transmission. If the car is stuck in the snow, the impact of such a system should be minimized, but it will not work completely.
Always follow the deadlines Maintenance unit specified by the manufacturer.
Do not tow other vehicles or trailers, automatic transmissions are not designed for this. The unit has a certain margin of safety. And if the gearbox does not fail immediately, then over time, the operation of the car under high loads will lead to malfunctions. If you plan to use a trailer, then refrain from buying a car with an automatic transmission or buy a crossover or SUV.

User JoRick Revazov spoke about the nuances of operation and mistakes that should not be made when operating an automatic transmission.

When carrying out repair work, be careful and prevent new damage from appearing at the checkpoint.
The place where the repair is carried out should be as clean as possible. Otherwise, dirt and debris may enter the gearbox, which will subsequently lead to contamination and poor performance. Because of this, when executing repair work do not use knitted gloves or wipe transmission components with such rags. It is better to use nylon rags or napkins.
The components and elements of the automatic transmission during repairs must be washed and dried compressed air. Used to clean steel components washing powder. As for friction linings, as well as plastic and rubber elements, gear oil is used to clean them.
In case of damage to the gearbox housing, it is necessary to disassemble and flush cooling system transmission.
Always keep an eye on the level lubricant in the box and its condition. If the oil loses its properties, it becomes less viscous, dark, wear products appear in it.
When disassembling the unit for repair, all parts and mechanisms must be put on the table in the order from dismantling, so as not to confuse the elements during assembly. Pay attention to the installation location of thrust washers, sealing components, valves, thrust rings, crankcase screws.
If the transmission of your car is equipped with a chain drive, then during the repair it is diagnosed for rapid wear. To check, measure its deflection in the middle of the chain itself in two directions. Its total deflection should be no more than 2.7 cm. If this parameter is greater, then the chain needs to be replaced.
When making repairs, remember how the cables are connected and the plugs with wires are connected to the valve box. If you mix up the connectors during further connection, this will lead to malfunctions in the gearbox. Sometimes it is problematic to dismantle the plugs, try not to pull the connectors by the wires.
If the hydraulic accumulator springs are similar and you can mix them up, label or mark them. When the spring elements differ in color, the color should not be used as an indication of the installation location. If the parts are placed incorrectly, this will affect the quality of the transmission shift.
Be careful when removing the brake band. Its deformation will lead to problems in operation. Damaged tape must be replaced.
After thorough washing and drying of parts and components, all elements are subject to visual diagnostics. It is necessary to identify the level of wear and understand whether they can continue to be used. Carefully inspect the contact surfaces of the bushings and thrust washers; if there is damage or signs of wear, these components are replaced. There must be no traces of rust, delamination, etc. on the housing of the bearing elements.
When repairing, it may be difficult to remove the gaskets. To prevent the appearance of defects on the aluminum surface of the crankcase and qualitatively remove the remnants of the seal, use a special aerosol and a plastic scraper, but not a metal one. Otherwise, you will damage the surface itself, which may cause leakage of the lubricant.
When installing paper gaskets, they must be thoroughly dried. Installation of elements on hermetic glue is not allowed.
The screws on the gearbox housing are only tightened torque wrench. The tightening torque is specified in service book for operation. If the screws are not tightened correctly, the valves will stick, the lubricant will leak, and defects will appear on the internal elements and parts.
When assembling bearing elements and seals, experts advise using technical petroleum jelly. Application lubricant not allowed as this type of liquid does not dissolve in gear oil unlike vaseline. If motor lubricant gets into the transmission control system, it will clog the filter devices and lines.
Before installing the brake band or friction discs, these components must be soaked in transmission fluid for half an hour.

Features of adaptation of the unit

After performing repair work and dismantling the automatic transmission with further installation, it is necessary to adapt the automatic transmission. The adaptation procedure can be performed in different ways. It all depends on the specific type of automatic transmission, car and year of manufacture.

Universal instructions for adaptation:

Start the car engine and warm it up.
Stop the engine for five seconds, then start it again.
Increase the speed of the power unit to about 3 thousand per minute.
Stop the engine for five seconds and start it again.
Hold down the brake pedal. Move the automatic transmission selector to each position in turn.
Get moving. Do not make sudden accelerations, move smoothly.
Accelerate to 40 km / h, so drive for about one minute, then slowly release the gas pedal and stop the car.
Shut down the engine and start it up.
Accelerate to 80 km / h, at this speed you need to drive for one minute, then stop and turn off the engine.
Start the ICE.
For twenty minutes, you need to ride in different modes, adhering to the same speed.
Remove any traces of transmission fluid from the bottom of the transmission. Drive the car for about 20 km, the engine load should be low. Make sure no oil is leaking from the gearbox. Check its level and add lubricant to the system.

Photo gallery

Photos of automatic transmissions in different cars are given below.

1. Automatic transmission shift lever in a Mercedes 2. BMW automatic transmission selector 3. Automatic transmission in a Skoda Rapid

At first glance, driving an automatic car is not difficult, but for a novice driver to master automatic control takes a considerable amount of time.

Riding an automatic for beginners in any case should begin with an acquaintance with the functions of an automatic transmission. Moreover, it is necessary to deal with the capabilities of the automatic transmission before leaving for public roads.

Starting the engine and starting to move on a car with an automatic gearbox

The control of the machine is carried out using the gear lever and additional buttons that set the appropriate conditions for the movement of the machine. The position of the lever to start the engine must be at the “P” or “N” mark, which means park or neutral speed. After the car warms up sufficiently (in winter, warming up is at least 10 - 15 minutes), you can start driving:

First of all, you need to depress the brake pedal.
Move the speed selector to the desired position, namely: "D", which means moving forward or "R" - turning on the reverse speed.
Next, you need to wait for a slight jerk of the car and then you can release the brake.
By gently pressing on the gas, the car will start moving.

As the speed of the vehicle increases, the automatic transmission shifts gears on its own. This can be seen in the engine speed, they react to each speed change with a slight decrease in the values on the tachometer.

Remember that a complete stop of the car and a "squeezed out" brake is required condition when shifting the gear lever to reverse or vice versa to move forward. After turning on the desired mode (forward or backward), you should also wait for a slight push in the machine - this indicates that the gear has finally switched and you can press the gas pedal to move in the desired direction.

Possible automatic transmission modes

Driving an automatic machine and its maintenance is carried out using several modes. The most common are the following modes: P, R, N, D, 3, 2, 1, as well as Sport, etc. In addition, for safe management The automatic transmission selector uses a limit key (fixation) on the gear lever, which prevents accidental movement of the lever when the machine is moving.

Also in the machines there is a small service button on the panel "nests" of the selector. Use this key to shift gears with the engine off. By pressing this button, the selector is transferred to "neutral" for towing a "stalled" car. Or shifting to 1 speed for service access to the dashboard.

Remember that all shifts that can be made without pressing a button on the gear lever are permitted actions. Actions that are limited by the latch require either a complete stop of the machine, or a certain sequence of their execution.
Parking, neutral and reverse on the machine
Position « P» – parking is activated during a long parking of the car. It is possible to switch the selector to the parking mode only during the final stop of the vehicle. Accidental shifting is blocked by a detent button on the gear lever.
"N"- neutral speed mode. In this position, you can start the engine in various circumstances, for example, if the car "stalled" while driving. In addition, the neutral speed allows you to tow the machine or roll it manually, as well as perform diagnostics and repair of the chassis. Upon entry to automatic car wash, are usually asked to put the car in neutral speed. Also in this position it is convenient to make a stop on the ascents or descents, for this, the actions are performed in the following sequence:
First you need to apply the brake.
Next, move the automatic transmission lever to the neutral position.
After that, squeeze the handbrake to the stop.
Release the brake pedal, and switch the machine to park.

"R"- mode reversing. Like parking, it cannot be used while driving. It can only be turned on after the machine has come to a complete stop.
Remember that coasting downhill at neutral speed is fraught with serious consequences. In addition to premature wear of the automatic gearbox, caused primarily by a lack of lubrication or overheating of the automatic transmission, you can get into serious accident. The fact is that on the go switch from the mode "N" on the « D» Absolutely forbidden. This can only be done after the vehicle has come to a complete stop. Therefore, in the event of an obstacle, you will not be able to accelerate in order to quickly slip or go around it.
Drive modeautomatic boxes
The main mode of movement when driving an automatic machine is drive "D". If the lever is moved to "Drive", then the movement of the car can be carried out in all gears: first, second, third, fourth, and so on. Switching between them will be carried out automatically, depending on the vehicle speed and engine speed.
The gear lever in some automatic transmissions may be indicated by an additional button "Overdrive". It is an analogue of the fifth speed in a mechanical box; it is not advisable to use it in the city. But the use of this function when driving on country roads saves you a lot of fuel.
A common mistake of novice motorists and experienced drivers is to keep the car on a slope in the "Drive" mode during short stops, only with the help of the gas pedal. Such a technique threatens premature failure of the machine. Therefore, when driving uphill from frequent stops, for example, in a traffic jam, do not be lazy to use the brakes.
Using other driving modes on the machine for beginners
Modes "one", "2" And "3" are selected based on the driving conditions of the vehicle. On some it is convenient to tow heavy loads, on others - to descend from steep mountains. Let's take a look at each of them in more detail.
Inclusion "third" mode tells us that the automatic transmission operates in a three-speed mode. In this mode, the car can move at any speed, but not higher than the third. Driving in mode "Three" allows you to accelerate to a maximum of 150 km / h.

It is preferable to ride this gear when your car is heavily loaded, as well as when driving around the city.
"Second" the driving mode is also limited in upper speeds. When driving in mode "2", only the second and first speeds are involved. There are cars in which the "second" speed is combined with "winter" mode. In this case, the car starts and moves only in second gear.

In most cases, the "two" is used on slippery roads, off-road or when towing. Max Speed movement at this value is limited to 90 km / h. It is also convenient to travel in second gear by applying engine braking when going downhill. steep slope or a long rise began.
"First" the selector mode has the highest gear ratio, which is suitable for driving at low speeds, namely only in first gear.

If this happens, the car is stalling, then you should not “give in” the gas. Try to "rock" the car, moving forward at first speed and back alternately. At the same time, you can try to find the best grip by turning the steering wheel from side to side. Also keep an eye on the speed and speed on the tachometer, they should not be high, and the numbers on the speedometer should not be raised more than 30 km / h.
Retainer as a precautionary measure when driving an automatic machine
Riding an automatic for beginners requires careful attention to the modes of movement of the car used. Therefore, you should remember a few simple rules:
The automatic transmission lever is designed with some safety measures. If the automatic transmission lever switches to certain modes without pressing the lock button, this means that the lever can be moved into these ranges both when the car is moving and when starting off.
If the lever is transferred to a certain mode only with pressing the button on the selector, then this indicates that some precautions must be taken to perform this action.

Thus, with the selected driving mode "1", you can safely move the lever to position "2", and then switch it to the range "3" or "D" on the go, without stopping your vehicle. However, it is worth noting that switching the lever from the "Third" position to the "Second" or "First" is already accompanied by pressing the latch. This is done to prevent damage to the box when wrong choice driving mode. Otherwise, the machine will be subjected to significant overloads, which will inevitably lead to its breakdown.
Therefore, for correct switching between modes in this order, you must either stop completely or slow down the speed of the vehicle. Thus, switching the lever from position "Two" to "Third" gear is impossible without using the blocking button, restrictions must be observed. Namely, you cannot use such a combination when driving above a speed of 70 km / h, so as not to damage the transmission. Although in the new automatic transmission models this nuance seems to have been removed, so switching while driving even on high speeds will not bring much harm, even with the wrong switch.
That's all we wanted to say on this issue. Riding an automatic for novice drivers causes difficulties only at first, which cannot be said about mechanical transmission. First you need to understand the modes of your transmission. In any case, all the necessary recommendations for using the capabilities of an automatic transmission specific model vehicle are available in the service documentation. Such documents usually “come” with the car upon purchase, or are located by brand and body number on the Internet.